Lined container



v Patented Dec. 29, 1-942 Y a 1 Albin'HiWarth and WilllamCJiainer, ar ors *1 Md., assignors'to Crown Cork atseal 'flompany o Inc., Baltiinore, Md., a corporation. of New York *N nr wm Applieation neembei-:1:1, 93a; F

Q Serial No. 246,508 a 2Claims; v(crazeen" The5 present invention is a composition for lining containers,and more particularly a composition of the wax type intended for li'ningisheet metalcontainers to housed in packaging liquids or other products, the taste of which is read ily" The invention also relates to containers'and to processes forfpreparing cont 1 m positions. 7

Wax has long particular conditions under which the container is to be used; for exa'mpl'e a waxvhavingasuillciently highmelting point, and on'e' which ad-5 I heres to the injetal brother material oifitlie con- 1 tainer. throughout the vrai'igefof temperature to which the containeris subjected. iIn-tIie pack aging of beer, for instance, itis known that. the-- beer must be pasteurized under a temperatureas' high as 145? F., and 'isfirequently refrigerated as low as 40 '1. Accordingly; a wax which adheres to the metal under these conditions is selectedifor;

to the contents of the" container s'oas not impart objectionable, taste. v v I v I The particular wax employedconstitutes no part oi the present"inventiomsince the wax to be used involves merely a selection from known waxes of' one having the quality desired for the particular conditions .ofuse.

The present invention :is

matic and flavorin'g constituents of beer, such as, i

for 7 example, those principles or constituents which may be generally classified as 'etheis, esters and flavors derived from" hops.

' V The invention'is ru therbas'ed upon"theidise been. recognized as :a -suita'ble 'material forlining containers of metal- 01 other g rnaterial, and it hasbeen common zpract ice ito select a wax having properties suitable {oi-{the t l. t re -memus covery that waxesgenerally have a' pronounced tendency to weaken 0:: destroy the flavor of bev by" incorporating the wax an; agent which-is substantialiysthe equivalent of: the" aromatic or flavoring principle loftbeer which would otherwise b'e;wealened'-or destroyed.

The ihvention 'is also based mentioned; and to" overcome their tendency to produce a wavy orundulatingsuriacewhich exi fliafve d:wlth 'anappreciabl loss oi flavor 0- vor-color. I -v 3 0 when harden'ed, 1

uniform lfiim jhavi'ng a} smooth, even surface 1d void or, checks and surface; irregularities.. -;':"In carryi' 3 out the .inventi hibit's" checkSQ Or lines marking the surface irregu if larities by including agent which counteracts e ten e y surfac'e: 'M-

,, .v a An object of theinventionis tdjprovide a wax -lining composition so treated; by thefinciusion oian a'gent which reduces its adsorbent or flavorweakening characteristlcgthat the contentsgoi; a g I 1 1ned container-maybefpreserved' for anfindetlf 1 ih war-i are an K e L Another "object of'the; invention is to. provide agwax lining 1 composition having the general l, --'chara' fcteristics" which ai'e'requlred for the com v I ditions'under -which the container is to be used the purpose of lining a containenfor beejr.-. Again- 12 the wax must have suiiflci'ent ductility tofpreve'ntF- breaking or cracking in-thel-handling of thefco'ntainer, and must be suilicientlyneutral injrespe'ct andfwliicl'i will; also form upon the? container a combination or waxes wh ch; will provide,

metal Qcontaijne'r well under all conditions, o; 7 use 'itwill'no't break upontbendin'g Ior" dentin'g of the container we 1 1. wax should,- also have asufllci'ently hig'li'melting point so as to withstand the temperatures to which. the .contents oi the co n tainer are subjected duringpasteurization. v suitable wax rnay be employed; fior; ex-- arnple p troleum orpetrolatum wax or a; mixture o!wajxes,,and in this connec'tionmay be used ozokerite' wax"(earth waxes); a swellasthe waxes coverythat it is possibleto'ove'rcome thistend ency by incorporating in the wax anagent which substantially satisfies" or neutralizes this'tendency of thezgwax to weaken or destroy'the aromatic a andi'fiavoring constituents of been; It hasfr iot been determined whether: this tendency is due? to the mere absorbencyof wax or to some chem-7' i c'al reaction which occurs either duringpasteurl- *izationor' storage; But, in any"event,-we have I found that it' is possibleto overcome'this defect produced .from fpetrolatum' by the pressing and sweating, distillatiomor selective solvent extraction processes employed in the manufacture of mineral oil waxes,Z-Pa rtieularly thoseoi amor "phous" characteristics, v I

Injtlie wax, weinclude an aimit'ft'moi'iwin" neutralize the tendency of; the wax. to adsorb,

chemically react with, extract} or, otherwisel re- -duceithe iiavor], o 1 theparticula'r materialftoibe introduced into the container'for' which thewax.

is'fintended'as a'lining, andwe prefer; as an: c-

tive agent; one which. has a def lnite, flavoryim i v iipon discovery thatj .}it ispossible to improve the illm -iorx nins v characteristics of waxes oi the general type above a we select a wax V M I lin'whi'chis-closelygadherent I 'iito'sheet metal andis fandadherent to the permeation desired. I

parting characteristic more or less typical of the flavor of the liquid with which the container is the melted wax a fabric bag having a sufllcient amount of hops to impart to the melted wax with-- Instead of, or in addition in a limited period of time an aroma of hops while the wax is heated. The aroma produced and which is noticeable when the wax is heated will indicate the degree to which the tendency of the wax to destroy been overcome. The following will indicate atypical procedure which has been found satisfactory.

A suitable amorphous wax of thetyp eabove stituents, and have the flavor of the'beer has unchecked surface devoid of irregularities, we

. preferably include in the same a check inhibiting agent or means to overcome diflerences in surface tension, namely, a high melting point amorphous wax derived either from a mineral or vegetable source which has been hydrogenated for, the purpose of increasing the melting point and hardness; or treated by solvent extraction with filtering or centrifuging to obtain. similar properties. We refer in particular to the I. G.

waxes of commerce as sold by the General Dyestuif Corp.,, under the designation I. G.-Waxes" as for example the'I. G. waxes in the 0. P. and

-A. D. forms. Thesewaxes are represented as being free from impurities or unessentialconhighly desirable amorphous characteristics;

vIn'- the use .of these, waxes in small amounts with the container lining wax we flnd that they may occasion a precipitation ofsmall amount of substances when'the meltfis made; in which. case mentioned, or a combination of waxes, is-melted and thoroughly mixed, and brought to a temperature of substantially 190 F. before adding the hops. A mass of hops within a'fabric bag is then lowered into the wax melt. The mixture should be kept at approximately 190 F. for a period, of time, such as an hour. or two, before itis desirable to fllter oil' the precipitate as for example through' cheesecloth. We prefer to use lifromseven tenths ofonepercen't to two percent removing the bag containing the hops. ;'Ihe pe riod during which the hops is retained in the wax maybe varied in accordance with the.

strength of the aroma desired, and this willlvary with different waxes, depending upon their tendency toneutralize the beer flavor as may readily detennined. t

The amount of hops to be introduced need not exceed approximatelytwo and a half pounds 'to approximately eight hundred pounds of wax,

although this amount may be varied, depending upon the strength of hops aroma and the wax Generally, we have found that approximately three. tenths of one percent of good quality of hops will be' adequate.

As an altemative procedure, an amount of wax may be .prepared which is very strongly peracteristics; v i Melting point' s ,1=' 1221-226 Acid value g .'10-- 15 Ester value 110-125 Color Light yellow relatively low; duejto the fact that it is, extremely I equalities in surface tension and o the wax is hardened as by cooling.

40 l spraying or dipping and the particular mode of application constitutes no part of the'pres ent inof IG--Wax 0P, whichhas the following char- The amount of the 'ro-waxshouldfiae kept hard and tends to brittliz'e the lining, enohgh being used only'to avoid the'checkingheijetofore encountered which we believeito be due to in- The lining inay'be applied to a can or 'other metal container in any suitable manner, as by vention. V

Although we have referredparticularly to the impregnation of wax liningcornpositionsforlbeer containers, it will be'understood that the invenmeated with hops as above or in themanner below disclosed, and this concentrated hops-containing wax may be introduced into the batch.

of melted wax soas to diffuse throughout the batch the desired amount of 'hops flavor.

if desired, the hops maybe directly intro-' duced into the batch and strained from the wax when the latter is poured into molds. Y

Instead of hops, we may use essence'or oil of" hope in small quantities, or Lupu1in, i. e., a powder collected from the strobiles of hops.

tion is one 'of general application, and that wax intend'ed'for lining containers of liquids, beverages, or solids which tendto lose their flavor or aroma in the presence of wax'maybe similarly treated to reduce this tendency ofthe wax to extract the. flavor or aroma. Forexample, a wax composition for lining containers for grape Juice may be impregnated with oil of grape, and similarly lining compositions for containers for citric juices, such as orange or lemon Juice, maybe The essence of hops may be imparted to the" wax by allowing said 'wax to flowr in a hop impregnated-atmosphere for a time, or subject-' ing the wax in a thin layer to such atmosphere at normaltemperature as for example, by treating of cans already lined with wax. .The lined cans may be slowly conducted through a chamher. the atmosphere of which is suitably ladened with hops aroma, and any desired pressure may be maintained in thechamber in order to insure a suitable impregnation of'the wax with'the hoos aroma. i

v The hops aroma may, "by these procedures, be increased as desired, even to the extent of making the "aroma so distinguishable that it will positively impart to beer an added hops flavor.

In order that the wax may fllm suitably and provide a lining having a regular smooth and permeated with oil of lemon or oil of orange.

The agent to be used will be one which .willsatisfy the thirst or adsorption characttnstic of the wax for a. particular flavor, I and will not otherwise impart objectionable-taste .to the container-contents. V r It is to beunderstood that the inclusion in the wax of principles from hops, malt, and other flavors does not impair the physical andchemical characteristics of the wax for lining purposes,

[andafter'a batch of waxhas been permeated 1 agewithout appreciable with such principles, the wax may be hardened into blocks or other forms and retained in storlossof the desired=principlsg Weclaim:

1. A container for beer and otherflfood products having awax lining, said liningqadhering firmly to the wall of the container, being devoid.

disclosed when of brittleness and having a melting point above between 110 and 125 and being efiective in the presence of the first wax to provide a lining havinga regular, smooth'and unchecked-surface.

2. A container for beer and other food products having a wax lining, said lining adhering firmly to the wall of the container, being devoid of brittleness and having a melting point above pasteurizing temperature, the said wax lining having'incorporated therein substantially .7 to 2% of a different and high melting point amorophous wax characterized by having a melting I point of substantially between 221 to 226 F., an

acid value of substantially between l0land 15,- and an ester value of substantially between 110 and 125 andbeing effective inthe presence of the 10 first wax to provide a lining having a regular,

smooth and uncheckedsurface.

ALBIN H. WARTH. WILLIAM c. RAINER. 

